Alpha Hydroxy Acids: What They are and how they work

Alpha-hydroxy acids are often considered 'wonder acids' and derive from naturally occuring sugars in certain foods. These acids help improve the skin because they are able to penetrate the top layer of the skin and reach the lower layer.

These acids work to dissolve the "glue" which holds dead skin cells together- increasing the rate of cell turnover. This brings fresher skin to the surface, so your skin looks younger and healthier. In fact, it is rumored that Cleopatra used to wash her face in a mild solution of milk (lactic acid) which supposedly helped her retain her world-famous good looks.

Some of the most well known alpha hydroxy acids (AHA's) used in skin care are lactic acid (found in milk), tartaric acid (found in grapes), citric acid (found in citrus fruits like oranges, lemons, grapefruit), malic acid (found in apples and pears), glycolic acid (found in sugar cane) and mandelic acid (found in bitter almonds).

Alpha hydroxy acids work primarily as an exfoliant- that is, they help reveal new skin, and there is some research which says they also improve collagen and elastin. Alpha hydroxy acids work best in concentrations of 5-8% at a pH of 3 to 4.

With ongoing use, alpha hydroxy acids have been shown to smooth skin, fade wrinkles, lighten age spots, and reduce blemishes. They reduce rough patches and seem to freshen and brighten the skin. There are some dangers of alpha hydroxy acids which should be carefully considered.

Aside from these, alpha hydroxy acids are among the best researched and most recommended skin rejuvenation techniques.